A federal judge in Maryland on Friday ruled that President Donald Trump lacked the authority to fire three Democratic members of the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and ordered their reinstatement — teeing up another high-stakes court clash centered on Trump’s ability as commander-in-chief to remove or otherwise control the members of independent agencies.

U.S. District Judge Matthew Maddox, a Biden appointee, sided with the three ousted members of the board — Mary Boyle, Alexander Hoehn-Saric and Richard Trumka Jr. — in ruling that their firings were unlawful and ordered all three members to be reinstated to their posts.

In his ruling, Maddox said that the tenured design and protection of the five-member, staggered-term CPSC board does ‘not interfere with’ Trump’s executive branch powers under Article II of the U.S. Constitution.

The decision is a near-term blow for Trump, and comes just weeks after the Supreme Court last month agreed to uphold, for now, Trump’s removal of two Democratic appointees from the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) and the Merit Systems Protections Board (MSPB). 

Both board members had challenged their terminations as ‘unlawful’ in separate lawsuits filed in D.C. federal court. The Supreme Court voted 6-3 in May to temporarily allow the firing of both board members, siding with lawyers for the Trump administration, who had urged the justices to keep both members on the job while the case continued to move through the lower courts.

In his ruling, Maddox sought to distinguish those cases from the terminations of members of the CPSC board and said that the Trump administration, in this case, had failed to identify neglect or malfeasance by any other Senate-confirmed commissioners on the CPSC, which is required by law to justify their removals. 

‘For the reasons set forth below, the Court finds no constitutional defect in the statutory restriction on Plaintiffs’ removal and that Plaintiffs’ purported removal from office was unlawful,’ he said in the order.

‘The Court shall enter an Order granting Plaintiffs’ motion, denying Defendants’ motion, and providing declaratory and injunctive relief permitting Plaintiffs to resume their duties as CPSC Commissioners.’

The decision clears the way for the members to return to their roles on the board, pending an appeal to higher courts by the Trump administration. 

The case is the latest in a string of challenges centered on Trump’s ability to remove members of independent boards. Like the NLRB and MSPB rulings, it centers on the 90-year-old Supreme Court decision known as Humphrey’s Executor, in which the court unanimously ruled that presidents cannot fire independent board members without cause.

Maddox invoked the uncertainty created by the preliminary posture of the NLRB and MSPB cases, which saw both plaintiffs removed and reinstated to their positions multiple times — which he said was the basis for ordering more permanent injunctive relief.

‘Disruption might have resulted in the instant case if Plaintiffs had been reinstated while this case was in its preliminary posture, only to have the Court later deny relief in its final judgment and subject Plaintiffs to removal again,’ said Maddox. ‘The risk of such disruption is no longer a factor now that the Court is granting permanent injunctive relief as a final judgment.’ 

: More Americans support rather than oppose Israeli airstrikes on Iran’s nuclear facilities, according to a new national poll conducted before Israel’s Friday attack on Iran.

But the survey, released by the Ronald Reagan Institute, indicates that most Democrats and Republicans don’t see eye-to-eye on the issue.

According to the poll, which was first shared with Fox News on Friday, 45% of those questioned said they would support Israel conducting targeted airstrikes against Iran’s nuclear facilities if diplomatic efforts between the U.S. and Iran fail.

Thirty-seven percent said they opposed Israeli airstrikes, with 18% unsure.

But the poll indicates a partisan divide.

Six in 10 Republicans said they support the airstrikes, but that backing dropped to 35% among independents and 32% among Democrats.

Twenty-seven percent of Republicans opposed the Israeli airstrikes, with a third of independents and just over half of Democrats opposed.

The poll of adult Americans was conducted, May 22-June 2, before Israel’s unprecedented attack on Iran, named ‘Operation Rising Lion,’ which included strikes on both the Islamic State’s nuclear program and military leaders.

Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., called for the president to go ‘all-in’ for Israel should a diplomatic end to the conflict with Iran not be met.

Earlier in the day, President Donald Trump called on Iranian leaders to return to the negotiating table to strike a nuclear deal to avoid ‘even more brutal’ attacks.

Graham lauded Trump’s desire to bring Iran back to the table but countered that ‘if Iran refuses this offer, I strongly believe it is in America’s national security interest to go all-in to help Israel finish the job.’

‘One of the benefits of this approach is that it would substantially undo the damage done to our reputation by Biden’s disastrous withdrawal from Afghanistan,’ Graham said on X. 

‘If diplomacy fails, going all-in for Israel shows that America is back as a reliable ally and a strong force against oppression. It would strengthen our hand in all corners of the world, as well as all other conflicts we face.’

His zeal to support the Jewish State came before Fox News reported that two U.S. Navy Destroyers, the USS Sullivans and USS Arleigh Burke, were assisting Israel to shoot down incoming missile volleys from Iran.

However, other pro-Israel lawmakers were not ready to see American troops deployed in the region and believed Trump would be the key to preventing any action from the U.S.

‘I can’t imagine a world in which that happens,’ Sen. Josh Hawley, R-Mo., told Fox News Digital. ‘I’d be opposed to that. The president is adamantly opposed to that. I trust President Trump here to keep our troops and other personnel safe in the region.’

Hawley said Trump ‘has offered Iran an off-ramp here for a long time’ through the nuclear agreement negotiation and noted the president again offered an out.

‘You know, they ought to take that off-ramp,’ he said.  

Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chair Jim Risch, R-Idaho, told Fox News Digital in a statement that ‘no one hates to see U.S. troops put at risk more than our president.’

‘President Trump has worked tirelessly to end wars and stop killing. And, in this case, I know he will continue to do all he can to keep U.S. troops out of harm’s way as the war between Israel and Iran unfolds,’ he said.

Israel’s strike on Iran was intended to take out the country’s nuclear enrichment program and carry out targeted attacks on a number of top Iranian officials.

Sen. Tim Sheehy, R-Mont., said the strike was ‘warranted’ given Iran’s years of aggression against Israel, but he agreed with the president that negotiations needed to resume.

‘A regime that chants ‘Death to America’ and ‘Death to Israel’ can never be allowed to have a nuclear weapon,’ he said in a statement to Fox News Digital. ‘Israel has every right to defend itself, and America stands with Israel.’

But others, like Sen. Mark Kelly, D-Ariz., accused Trump of killing the Iran nuclear agreement and contended that the end of negotiations ‘accelerated Iran’s development towards a bomb.’

Still, he hoped a deal could be made to prevent further ‘escalation in the region that could endanger American citizens, troops and our interests.’

‘As we support Israel in protecting their people from Iran’s response, everyone needs to be focused on de-escalation,’ Kelly said in a statement.

Fox News Digital reached out to the White House for comment.